Captain
America is based
on another popular Marvel Comics. To find
out more about how this super-hero movie was adapted and brought to the
big screen,
view the Captain
America
movie
trivia below.
Directed
by: Joe Johnston
Written by:
Christopher Markus (screenplay)
Stephen McFeely (screenplay)
Joe Simon (comic books)
Jack Kirby (comic books) Starring: Chris Evans
- Captain America/Steve Rogers
Hayley Atwell - Peggy Carter
Sebastian Stan - James Buchanan 'Bucky' Barnes
Tommy Lee Jones - Colonel Chester Phillips
Hugo Weaving - Johann Schmidt/Red Skull
Dominic Cooper - Howard Stark
Richard Armitage - Heinz Kruger
Stanley Tucci - Dr. Abraham Erskine
Samuel L. Jackson - Nick Fury
Toby Jones - Dr. Arnim Zola
Neal McDonough - Timothy 'Dum Dum' Dugan
Derek Luke - Gabe Jones
Kenneth Choi - Jim Morita
JJ Feild - James Montgomery Falsworth
Casting:
The actors that were all considered for the role of Captain America,
before Chris Evans was chosen, are as follows:
Sam Worthington
Will Smith
Garrett Hedlund
Channing Tatum
Scott Porter
Mike Vogel
Sebastian Stan
Wilson Bethel
John Krasinski
Michael Cassidy
Chace Crawford
Jensen Ackles
Kellan Lutz - auditioned
Ryan Phillippe - auditioned
Alexander Skarsgård - auditioned
Chris
Evans originally declined this role three times before signing a
six-picture deal with Marvel. He explained; "At the time, I remember
telling a buddy of mine, if the movie bombs, I'm fucked. If the movie
hits, I'm fucked! I was just scared. I realized my whole
decision-making process was fear-based, and you never want to make a
decision out of fear. I can't believe I was almost too chicken to play
Captain America." After a meeting with the director and producer to
convince him to take the role, he ultimately agreed.
Chris
Evans states one of the reasons he was attracted to the role of Captain
America; ""I think Marvel is doing a lot of good things right now, and
it's a fun character. Even if it wasn't a comic book. I think
the
story of Steve Rogers is great. He's a great guy. Even if it was just a
script about anybody, I would probably want to do it. It wasn't
necessarily about the comic itself. He's a great character to
play; he just happens to be a comic book character."
On
the extent of Captain America's abilities, Evans states; "He would
crush the Olympics. Any Olympic sport he's gonna dominate. He can jump
higher, run faster, lift stronger weight, but he can be injured. He
could roll an ankle and be out for the season. He's not perfect, he's
not untouchable. So a lot of the effects, if I'm going to punch someone
they're not going to put them on a cable and fly them back 50 feet, but
he's going to go down, probably not getting back up, which I think
humanizes it. It makes it something that, again, I think everyone can
relate to a little bit more, which I really like."
A body double was not used for the scenes when Chris Evans is skinny
and shorter. The filmmakers had originally planned to use a body double
and superimpose Evans face to the body double but they dropped the idea
as director, Joe Johnston stated that no body double could replicate
Evans unique movements. In the end a digital technology was utilized to
make Evans shorter and skinnier making him into "Skinny Steve", erasing
portions of his physique. To make this possible over 250 shots were
filmed because the shrinking process left empty spaces in the
background and many scenes had to be shot in front of a green screen so
that they could superimpose the background into the scene.
This is Chris Evans sixth comic book movie, the others were:
Fantastic Four (2005)
Fantastic 4: Rise of the
Silver Surfer (2007)
TMNT (2007)
The Losers (2010)
Scott Pilgrim vs. the
World (2010)
The actresses that were considered for the role of Peggy Carter, before
Haley Atwell was chosen, are as follows:
Alice Eve
Keira Knightley
Emily Blunt - turned down the role
To
prepare for her role as Peggy Carter, Hayley Atwell stated; "I'm
training at the moment six days a week to make her a bit more military
and make it convincing that I could kick butt."
About
her role of Peggy Carter, Hayley Atwell commented; "I likened her
character to that famous Ginger Rogers quote. She can do everything
Captain America can do, but
backwards and in high heels. She's an
English soldier through and through, although she always looks
fabulous. She might stand there with a machine-gun shooting Nazis, but
she's obviously gone to the loo beforehand and applied a bit of
lipstick. She doesn't need to be rescued. That's exciting to me, her
strength." She goes on to state; "I think she's quite stubborn, a
slightly frustrated woman who struggles with being a woman in that
time. But more importantly she's a modern woman and she sees something
in Captain America that she relates to, and becomes kindred spirits. He
treats her very differently to how she's been treated by lots of men,
in this kind of dominated world she lives in. So she's very much a
fighter."
Apparently
Hugo Weaving based his character, Johann Schmidt's/Red Skull's accent
on renowned German filmmakers Werner Herzog and Klaus
Maria Brandauer.
About
the character Weaving has stated; "I think the major difference between
Red Skull and Captain America, they've both had the serum, and the
serum seems to augment certain qualities that each of them have.
Captain America is much more in tune with other people I think. Schmidt
is in tune with himself, and his own needs, and his own ego, so I
suppose it augments that. From that point of view, they're quite
opposite."
In
the movie, Hugo Weaving's character, The Red Skull is actually
never referred to as Red Skull and is only ever referred to as Johann
Schmidt.
Hugo Weaving wore a latex mask conceived by prosthetic makeup designer
David White. However, the visual effects team had to manipulate his
face considerably due to the bulkiness of the mask and make it look
like tight skin wrapped around a very boney structure. The team thinned
out Weaving's cheeks and lower lip, hollowed out his eyes, and removed
his eyelashes and nose to make him appear more like the Red Skull
character.
Sebastian Stan
was considered for the role of Captain America, but instead he got the
role of James 'Bucky' Barnes. Apparently Stan has signed on for "five
or six pictures".
Sebastian
Stan revealed that he didn't know anything about the comic books but in
order to prepare for his role as James 'Bucky' Barnes he watched a lot
of documentaries and movies about World War II, calling famous TV
mini-series Band of Brothers "very helpful". About his role, Stan
stated; "Steve Rogers and Bucky are both orphans and kind of like
brothers. They kind of grow up together and look after each other. It's
a very human, relatable thing. I also wanted to look out for how their
relationship changes once Steve Rogers becomes Captain America. There's
always a competition and they're always one-upping each other. I paid
attention to how Bucky is affected by Steve's change and suddenly Steve
is this leader".
Tommy
Lee Jones character, Col. Chester Phillips, in earlier comics recruited
Steve Rogers to join Project Rebirth, the secret experiment that
created the Super Soldier known as Captain America. This character was
updated for the movie and Jones describes him as; "the one you've seen
in a thousand movies: the gruff, skeptical officer overseeing a team of
talented, slightly sarcastic, specially talented soldiers."
Apparently one of the reasons Stanley Tucci took the role of Dr.
Erskine was because he always wanted to do a German accent.
About
his role Howard Stark, father of Tony Stark (Iron Man), Dominic Cooper
stated; "It's an opportunity where you can see his future
because
I know the guy who becomes my son and I see myself as an older version
in Iron Man 2 which is great for an actor to have those tools. All I
know of him is that he's a fantastic engineer and inventor and a very
slick Howard Hughes type that's into aviation and women!"
Creator
of Marvel Comics, Stan Lee's cameo scene appearance is when Senator
Brandt is introducing Captain America in front of crowd of people but
he doesn't appear so one of Senator Brandt's aids comes out to whisper
to him that Captain America isn't there, the shot then goes to Stan Lee
who is playing a military man in uniform that says the line; "I thought
he would be taller."
It was
originally planned to have cameo appearances in this movie for
Logan/Wolverine (who was a soldier) and Erik
Lensherrr/Magneto
(who was a prisoner of war) as both were present during WWII, but this
idea was dropped due to rights issues.
Cameo appearances were also planned for characters Namor the
Sub-Mariner and the Prince of Atlantis, but neither were used.
Joe
Simon, who created the Captain America comic in 1941 (before
Stan
Lee revived it in 1964), was approached to make a cameo appearance.
Samuel L. Jackson's New York City's Time Square scene serves a scene
that preludes The
Avengers (2012).
In April 1997,
Marvel was in negotiations with Mark Gordon and Gary Levinsohn to
produce Captain America. In addition, Larry Wilson and Leslie
Bohem were set to write a script.
In
May 2000, Marvel teamed with Artisan Entertainment to help
finance the movie, however, a lawsuit arose between Marvel Comics and
Joe Simon over the ownership of Captain America copyrights, disrupting
the movie's development process. In September 2003 the lawsuit was
eventually settled and in 2005 Marvel received a $525 million
investment from Merrill Lynch, allowing them to independently produce
ten movies, including Captain America. Paramount Pictures
agreed
to distribute the movie.
Director of Iron Man
(2008) and Iron Man 2
(2010), Jon Favreau had originally approached Marvel Studios
to
direct this movie as a comedy but instead he chose to direct Iron Man.
Nick Cassavetes, director of The
Hangover Part II
(2011) was also considered for this movie.
After
the success of Iron Man, In May 2008 Marvel announced Captain America
for a May 2011 release, but was then slightly pushed back to a July
2011.
Louis
Leterrier, director of The
Incredible Hulk (2008), was so impressed
with the concept art of this movie that he offered his services to
Marvel Studios but was turned down. However, The Incredible Hulk does
feature a small appearance by Captain America, which was a deleted
scene set in the Arctic features his body hidden in a slab of ice.
In
November 2008, Joe Johnston was chosen to direct this movie because of
his directorial work on period adventure movies The Rocketeer
(1991)and
October Sky
(1999).
In December 2009, director Joe Johnston talked about the
pre-production; "Rick Heinrichs
is production-designing and we're set up down in Manhattan Beach,
California. We have eight or ten really talented artists, and we all
just sit around all day and draw pictures and say, 'Hey, wouldn't it be
cool if we could do this?' It's that phase of the production where
money doesn't matter: 'Let's put all the greatest stuff up on the wall
and [then later] see what we can afford." He stated that; "The movie
will begin in 1942, 1943" during World War II. The stuff in the '60s
and '70s comic books we're sort of avoiding. We're going back to the
'40s, and then forward to what they're doing with Captain America now."
About
Captain America director, Joe Johnston has stated; "He wants to serve
his country, but he's not this sort of jingoistic American flag- waver.
He's just a good person. We make a point of that in the script: Don't
change who you are once you go from Steve Rogers to this
super-soldier; you have to stay who you are inside, that's
really
what's important more than your strength and everything. It's also the
idea that this is not about America so much as it is about
the
spirit of doing the right thing. It's an international cast and
an international story. It's about what makes America great
and
what make the rest of the world great too."
Producer
Avi Arad has stated; "The biggest opportunity with Captain
America is as a man 'out of time', coming back today, looking at our
world through the eyes of someone who thought the perfect
world
was small-town America. Sixty years go by, and who are we
today?
Are we better?" He cited the Back to the Future trilogy as an
influence, and claimed he had "someone in mind to be the
star,
and definitely someone in mind to be the director."
In April 2010 it was announced that the movie's name would
be changing from The First Avenger: Captain America
to Captain America: The First Avenger.
Originally this movie was meant to be a standalone, but after Joss
Whedon took on the directorial duties for The Avengers
(2012), he was given a copy of Captain America's script and made a few
rewrites to tie it into the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Whedon stated;
"I just got to make some character connections. The structure of the
thing was really tight and I loved it, but there were a couple of
opportunities to find his voice a little bit - and some of the other
characters - and make the connections so that you understood exactly
why he wanted to be who he wanted to be. And progressing through the
script to flesh it out a little bit."
In June 2010 production began and it was announced that the movie would
shoot in London, England in late July and was expected to include
scenes featuring key London landmarks. The war scenes were shot in
September at the former Royal Navy Propellant Factory in the Welsh
village of Caerwent. Filming also took place in Northern Quarter of
Manchester, United Kingdom followed by Liverpool's Stanley Dock area,
both doubling for the period's Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York.
Scenes were also scheduled to be shot in Liverpool's Albert Dock.
In April 2011, the movie underwent reshots in the United Kingdom and in
Los Angeles and a scene was also filmed in New York City's Times Square
on April 23, 2011.
There are nearly 1,600 visual effect shots used in this film that were
split between thirteen different companies. To achieve the effects of
the skinny, pre-super-serum Steve Rogers, director Joe Johnston stated
that he used two major techniques; "Most of the shots were done by
an L.A. company called LOLA that specializes in digital 'plastic
surgery'. The technique involved shrinking Chris in all dimensions. We
shot each skinny Steve scene at least four times; once like a normal
scene with Chris and his fellow actors in the scene, once with Chris
alone in front of a green screen so his element could be reduced
digitally, again with everyone in the scene but with Chris absent so
that the shrunken Steve could be re-inserted into the scene, and
finally with a body double mimicking Chris's actions in case the second
technique were required. When Chris had to interact with other
characters in the scene, we had to either lower Chris or raise the
other actors on apple boxes or elevated walkways to make skinny Steve
shorter in comparison. For close-ups, Chris' fellow actors had to look
at marks on his chin that represented where his eyes would be after the
shrinking process, and Chris had to look at marks on the tops of the
actor's head to represent their eyes. The second technique involved
grafting Chris's head onto the body double. This technique was used
mostly when Chris was sitting or lying down, or when a minimum of
physical acting was required."
Captain America's shield, which serves as both a defensive tool and a
lethal weapon, consisted of metal, fiberglass, rubber, and CG. Visual
effects supervisor Christopher Townsend stated; "Chris Evans would
practice swinging the practical shield so he knew the arc and the speed
at which he should move. We would take the shield from him and shoot
the scene with him miming it. Then we would add in a CG shield."
In April 2011, screenwriters Stephen McFeely and Christopher Markus
said that that they have been writing a sequel for Marvel Studios. In
an interview in June 2011 they stated; "The story will likely
be in the present day. We're experimenting with flashback elements for
more period World War II stuff. I can't say much more than that but we
made it baggy enough to refer to more stories in the past."
Although
this movie is 'The First Avenger', it's in fact the last solo Avenger
movie to be released before the team-up movie, The Avengers (2012).
This is the fifth adaptation of this superhero. The previous
adaptations
of Captain America are as follows:
Captain
America (1944) - Serial
Captain
America (1979) - TV movie
Captain
America II: Death Too Soon (1979) - TV movie
sequel
Captain
America (1990) - Theatrical movie
The
special forces unit that Captain America assembles and leads is a
mixture of the
characters from Marvel Comic's World War II period
titles. They are the 1960s war title "Sgt. Fury and his Howling
Commandos", about an elite special forces infantry unit and the 1970s
war title "The Invaders," about a superhero team operating during the
war under the command of Captain America. Most of the soldier
characters are taken from the 1960's title and the characters taken
from the 1970's title are James 'Bucky' Barnes and James Montgomery
Falsworth, who appears in the comic book as th British super-hero.
In
the scene at the World Exposition fair there is a mannequin in a red
jumpsuit under a glass dome, this is a reference to the first superhero
the android, the original Human Torch created by Timely Comics in
October 1939, which eventually became Marvel Comics. He was also part
of The Invaders along with Namor and Captain America. In 1961 Marvel
Comics changed the name and the abilities of this super-hero to Johnny
Storm as part of the Fantastic Four.
The comic book of Captain America showing in this movie bears the cover
of the 1st actual Captain America comic released in 1941.
The
famous Wilhelm Scream is used in the scene where Steve Rogers is being
pursued by Hydra soldiers on motorcycles, he releases a flamethrower
defense and to avoid being hit one of the Hydra soldiers swerves, loses
control and is thrown headlong off his motorcycle.
The designs for Hydra's futuristic aircraft was taken from actual WWII
German concepts such as the Horten X.XVIII and Triebflügeljäger.
There is a Raiders
of the Lost Ark
(1981) reference when Johann Schmidt first finds the Cosmic Cube and
says "And the Fuhrer is digging for trinkets in the desert".
This
is the final super-hero movie that Paramount Pictures produced with
Marvel Studios. The rights to The
Avengers (2012) and Iron
Man 3 (2013)
have been bought by Disney.
Take a look at the behind the scenes featurette here: